In the modern beverage industry, the need for efficient and reliable packaging solutions is paramount. The Boxed Juice Packing Machine, shown in the figure, is a state-of-the-art piece of equipment designed to meet these needs. The machine is designed to automate the process of filling and sealing juice into cartons, thereby increasing productivity and ensuring packaging consistency.

Features of the Machine

Constructed from stainless steel, the machine is not only durable but also easy to clean, making it ideal for food and beverage applications where hygiene is critical. It features a digital control panel that allows operators to easily adjust settings such as fill volume, speed, and temperature. The machine is also equipped with a conveyor system that moves cartons through various stages of the packaging process, from filling to sealing.

One of the main advantages of this machine is its versatility. It can handle different sizes and types of cartons, making it suitable for a wide range of juice products. This flexibility is essential for manufacturers who produce a variety of juice blends and want to maintain a consistent packaging style across their entire product line.

Operational Efficiency

The operational efficiency of the Paper Boxes Packing Machine is impressive. It can fill and seal cartons at high speeds, significantly reducing the time and labor required for packaging. The machine’s precision filling system further enhances efficiency, ensuring that each carton contains the exact amount of juice, minimizing waste and maintaining product quality.

Maintenance and Support

Regular maintenance is essential to the life and performance of the machine. Cleaning is required after each production run to prevent contamination and ensure hygiene. The design of the machine allows easy access to all parts, making cleaning and maintenance simple.

The manufacturer also provides comprehensive support, including training for operators, regular maintenance checks, and prompt service for any technical issues that may arise. This support ensures that the machine operates at its best and minimizes downtime.

In summary, the Box Packaging Juice Packing Machine is a valuable asset for juice manufacturers looking to streamline their packaging process. Its efficiency, versatility, and ease of maintenance make it a reliable choice for businesses of all sizes. By investing in such technology, manufacturers can increase production capacity and meet the growing demands of the beverage industry.

In today’s fast-paced world, access to clean and portable drinking water is essential. Sachet water has become a popular solution, especially in regions where bottled water is less accessible. The sachet packing machine, also known as a water packaging machine, plays a crucial role in producing these convenient single-use water sachets. In this blog, we’ll explore how this machine works and the steps involved in creating safe and hygienic sachet water.

Step 1: Connecting the Pure Water Source

The first step in operating a sachet water making machine is ensuring a reliable supply of purified water. A pump is connected to the machine, linking it to a pure water machine or a storage tank containing treated water. This connection ensures that the machine can access clean, potable water for filling the sachets. The pump’s role is critical, as it maintains a steady flow of water into the machine during the packaging process.

Step 2: Installing the Plastic Film Roll

Once the water source is secured, the next step is to install the plastic film roll. This roll is typically made of food-grade material, ensuring safety for consumption. The film is fed into the machine, where it will be shaped into individual sachets. Proper installation of the film roll is vital, as it directly affects the quality and consistency of the final product.

Step 3: Heating and Parameter Adjustment

Before starting the packaging process, the machine’s heating function must be activated. Heating is necessary to seal the sachets properly, preventing leaks and ensuring longevity. During the heating phase, operators can adjust the machine’s parameters, such as temperature, speed, and sealing time, to match specific requirements. These adjustments are crucial for optimizing performance and achieving the desired sachet quality.

Step 4: Filling and Sealing

Once the machine reaches the set temperature, it’s ready for operation. The process begins with the machine automatically filling the plastic film with water. After filling, the machine seals the sachet using heat, creating a secure and leak-proof package. The entire process is automated, ensuring efficiency and consistency in production.

Benefits of Using a Sachet Water Making Machine

Cost-Effective: Sachet water is more affordable to produce compared to bottled water, making it accessible to a wider audience.

Hygienic: The machine’s automated process minimizes human contact, ensuring a hygienic product.

Portable: Sachets are lightweight and easy to carry, making them ideal for on-the-go use.

Environmentally Friendly: Many modern machines use biodegradable materials, reducing environmental impact.

Conclusion

A sachet packing machine or water packaging machine is a vital tool for producing safe, portable, and affordable drinking water. By connecting it to a pure water machine, installing the film roll, adjusting parameters, and initiating the filling and sealing process, operators can efficiently create high-quality water sachets. Whether for commercial or community use, this machine offers a practical solution for meeting hydration needs. Visit www.kocopackage.com to learn more about these innovative devices and how they can benefit your business.

The Fully Automatic Desktop Spout Pouch Filling Machine is a sophisticated piece of equipment designed for the packaging industry, particularly for filling and sealing liquid products into spouted pouches. This machine is widely used in various sectors including food and beverage, pharmaceuticals, and cosmetics due to its versatility and efficiency.

Purpose of the Machine

The primary purpose of spout pouch filling machine is to automate the process of filling and sealing spout pouches, which are convenient for consumers to use and transport. It is designed to handle a variety of liquids, from thin to thick consistencies, such as juices, milk, sauces, and more. The machine ensures that the packaging process is hygienic, precise, and efficient, reducing manual labor and increasing production output.

Working Principle

The machine operates on a fully automatic basis, which includes several stages:

Pouch Feeding: The machine automatically feeds the empty pouches from a roll or stack.

Filling: The liquid product is pumped into the pouches through a precise filling mechanism. The filling level can be adjusted according to the product's viscosity and the desired quantity.

Sealing: After filling, the machine seals the pouches hermetically to preserve the freshness and quality of the product.

Spout Insertion: The machine inserts the spout into the pouch, which is then sealed to ensure the spout is securely attached.

Output: The final product is dispensed from the machine, ready for packaging and distribution.

Materials Used

Doypack packing machine is typically constructed from stainless steel and other food-grade materials to ensure durability and compliance with food safety standards. The contact parts with the product are made from materials that are resistant to corrosion and easy to clean, such as stainless steel or food-grade plastics. The machine also uses high-quality seals and gaskets to ensure a tight seal and prevent leaks.

Common After-Sales Issues and Solutions

Filling Inaccuracies: This can occur if the filling mechanism is not calibrated correctly or if the product's viscosity changes. Regular calibration and adjustments based on product properties are necessary to ensure accurate filling.

Leakage: Improper sealing can lead to leakage. This can be addressed by checking the sealing mechanism and ensuring that all seals and gaskets are in good condition and properly aligned.

Spout Insertion Failures: If the spout is not inserted correctly, it can lead to product leakage or difficulty in opening the pouch. This can be resolved by adjusting the spout insertion mechanism and ensuring that the spout is the correct size and shape for the pouch.

Machine Overheating: Continuous operation can cause the machine to overheat. Regular maintenance, including cleaning and lubrication, can help prevent overheating and extend the machine's lifespan.

Software Glitches: The machine's control system may occasionally experience software issues. Regular software updates and troubleshooting can resolve these problems.

Conclusion

The Fully Automatic Desktop Spout Pouch Filling Machine is a valuable asset for businesses looking to automate their packaging processes. Its ability to handle various types of liquids and its precise filling and sealing capabilities make it a reliable choice for high-volume production. By understanding its working principles, materials used, and addressing common after-sales issues, businesses can maximize the efficiency and longevity of this machine. Regular maintenance and proper operation are key to ensuring that the machine continues to perform at its best, providing a high-quality packaging solution for liquid products.

Sachet water bag packaging machine

Introduction:
KOYO, a renowned manufacturer and exporter of liquid sachet packaging machines, has established itself as a trusted brand in this industry. With its flagship products such as the KOYO Water Sachet Machine, Pouch Juice Packaging Machine, and Pouch Pure Water Filling Machine, the company has revolutionized the liquid packaging market. Over the years, through continuous improvement and technological upgrades, KOYO machines have gained significant popularity in the African market, enabling the delivery of affordable, clean drinking water to millions of people.

Enhancing African Market:
KOYO's commitment to meeting the needs of its customers and understanding their feedback has led to the development of machines perfectly suited for the African market. With its high-performance features, durability, and efficiency, the KOYO Water Sachet Machine has gained immense recognition. This machine has played a vital role in addressing the challenges faced by underserved communities in Africa by providing them with access to safe and low-cost purified water.

Decades of Innovation:
KOYO's success can be attributed to its relentless pursuit of innovation and continuous technological advancements. Over several decades, the company has invested in research and development, resulting in consistent improvements and upgrades in their products. By incorporating cutting-edge technologies, such as automated filling, sealing, and labeling systems, KOYO machines have become a benchmark for efficiency and precise liquid packaging.

Positive Impact in Africa:
The impact of KOYO machines in Africa has been transformative. They have enabled local entrepreneurs to establish small-scale water purification and filling businesses, creating employment opportunities and supporting economic growth. Moreover, with the availability of affordable, hygienically packed pure water, KOYO machines have significantly contributed to the reduction of water-borne diseases in communities across the region.

Conclusion:
KOYO has emerged as a trusted and revered brand in the field of liquid sachet packaging machines. Its commitment to quality, continuous improvement, and understanding of customer needs has made its machines highly sought-after in the African market. By offering affordable and efficient solutions, KOYO has empowered communities with access to safe and clean drinking water, ultimately improving their quality of life. Looking ahead, KOYO remains devoted to delivering innovative machines that meet the evolving demands of its customers and contribute to a healthier Africa.

Introduction

With the continuous advancement of global industrialization, the demand for process pumps in the chemical industry continues to grow. As a critical fluid transfer device in chemical processes, chemical process pumps play a vital role in maintaining production continuity, improving efficiency, and ensuring safety and environmental compliance. This article will explore the classification, key features of current chemical process pumps, and the latest trends in market demand.

Classification of Chemical Process Pumps and Standards

1. Classification by Working Principle

   - Centrifugal Pumps: Rely on the centrifugal force generated by a high-speed rotating impeller to transfer the fluid. These are the most common type of process pumps in the chemical industry, suitable for low-viscosity fluids with minimal particulates.

   - Positive Displacement Pumps: Including gear pumps, screw pumps, and plunger pumps, these pumps transfer fluid through volume changes in the pump chamber, making them suitable for high-viscosity fluids or applications requiring precise metering.

   - Magnetically Driven Pumps: Utilize magnetic couplings to transfer power, providing strong sealing capabilities. They are ideal for handling toxic, flammable, and explosive hazardous chemical fluids.

2. Classification by Material

   - Metallic Pumps: Such as stainless steel and alloy pumps, are primarily used for transporting highly corrosive acidic and alkaline media. The choice of metallic material depends on the corrosiveness and temperature requirements of the medium.

   - Non-Metallic Pumps: Such as fluoroplastic and ceramic pumps, offer superior corrosion resistance and are used for handling highly corrosive fluids, particularly in specialized applications where metallic pumps may not suffice.

3. Classification by Drive Type

   - Electric Pumps: Driven by electric motors, these are the most common type of process pumps, suitable for various conditions, especially in continuous chemical operations.

   - Pneumatic Pumps: Powered by compressed air, they are typically used in flammable or explosive environments, offering higher safety as they do not require electricity.

   - Hydraulic Pumps: Driven by hydraulic systems, they are suitable for high-pressure applications, often used in processes requiring high delivery pressure.

4. Classification by Installation Method

   - Horizontal Pumps: The pump shaft is installed horizontally, suitable for large spaces with easy maintenance, commonly found in large chemical plants.

   - Vertical Pumps: The pump shaft is installed vertically, ideal for limited space, usually used for liquid transfer from underground tanks or deep wells.

2. Key Features of Chemical Process Pumps

1. Material Selection and Corrosion Resistance

   Chemical process pumps are typically made from high-performance materials to withstand various complex chemical media. Common materials include stainless steel, Hastelloy, and titanium alloys, known for their excellent corrosion resistance, allowing them to operate long-term in harsh environments like strong acids and alkalis. Additionally, non-metallic materials such as fluoroplastics are widely used in specialized applications, offering exceptional corrosion resistance and wear properties.

2. High Efficiency and Energy Conservation

   As energy conservation becomes a global trend, the efficiency of chemical process pumps has garnered significant attention. Modern process pumps, optimized in design and equipped with high-efficiency motors, effectively reduce energy consumption. In large-scale chemical facilities, these efficiency improvements not only lower operational costs but also reduce carbon emissions, aligning with the development direction of green chemistry.

3. Reliability and Durability

   Operating in harsh industrial environments, chemical process pumps require high reliability and durability. Modern pumps often incorporate advanced sealing technologies and wear-resistant designs to extend service life and reduce maintenance frequency. Additionally, intelligent monitoring systems can monitor operational status in real-time, providing early warnings for potential failures, further enhancing system reliability.

3. Market Demand Analysis

1. Global Market Growth

   According to market research reports, the global chemical process pump market is expected to maintain stable growth in the coming years. The Asia-Pacific region, driven by accelerated industrialization, especially in emerging markets like China and India, is experiencing the fastest growth in demand for chemical process pumps. In contrast, the European and North American markets focus primarily on technological upgrades and efficiency improvements, with high demand for high-performance, energy-efficient chemical pumps.

2. Green Chemistry and Sustainable Development

   Stricter environmental regulations are accelerating the transition of chemical companies toward green chemistry, creating new market opportunities for energy-efficient chemical process pumps. Many companies are seeking low-energy, high-efficiency pump products to reduce their carbon footprint and comply with global environmental standards. Simultaneously, the concept of a circular economy is driving the development of the chemical pump market, requiring pumps with longer lifespans and higher resource utilization efficiency.

3. Regional Market Demand Differences

   There are significant differences in the demand for chemical process pumps across different regions. The Asia-Pacific region, with its large-scale new projects, focuses on cost-effectiveness and bulk procurement. The European market places greater emphasis on technological advancement and environmental compliance, preferring high-efficiency, energy-saving pump products. The North American market, while maintaining high standards, is gradually moving towards smart equipment, with increasing demand for automation and intelligent monitoring systems.

Conclusion

As the global chemical industry evolves, the demand for chemical process pumps is becoming increasingly diversified. From material selection to energy efficiency improvements and regional market differences, the product features of chemical process pumps are closely linked to market demand. For chemical companies, selecting the right process pump can not only enhance production efficiency but also meet environmental requirements, helping them stay competitive in a rapidly changing market.

References

1. Market Research Report: "Global Chemical Process Pump Market Analysis," 2023 Edition.

2. Industry Analysis Article: "Technological Innovations and Applications of Chemical Process Pumps," published in 2022.

3. Academic Research: "Driving Factors of Chemical Process Pump Demand Growth in Emerging Markets," 2021.

4. Industry Trends Report: "Market Opportunities in Green Chemistry and Sustainable Development," 2023.

5. Internal Company Data: "Regional Market Demand Analysis for Chemical Pumps," Q2 2024 Report.

Introduction

Ebullated pumps also called boiling pump，which play a crucial role in the chemical industry, especially under high-temperature and high-pressure conditions. With the growing industrial demand, the design and manufacturing technology of boiling pumps are continuously evolving to meet stricter operational requirements. This article will introduce the structural characteristics, design advantages, typical applications, current market trends, and cutting-edge manufacturing technologies of ebullated pumps.

1. Structural Features of Ebullated Pumps

Ebullated pumps are typically used to transport high-temperature liquids, and their design must withstand extreme temperatures and pressures. Key structural features include:

High-Temperature Resistant Materials: High-performance alloy steel, stainless steel, or titanium alloys are commonly used for their excellent heat and corrosion resistance, allowing long-term operation under harsh conditions.

Double-Casing Design: To enhance structural strength and safety, ebullated pumps usually feature a double-casing design, effectively preventing leakage due to casing rupture.

Efficient Impellers: The impeller design directly impacts the pump's efficiency. Modern Ebullated pumps often use fluid dynamically optimized impellers to minimize energy loss and improve overall efficiency.

2. Design Features of Ebullated Pumps

Ebullated pump designs focus on efficiency, stability, and safety, with key features including:

Precision Mechanical Seals: To prevent leakage of high-temperature liquids, Ebullated pumps typically use high-performance mechanical seals that can operate for extended periods under high temperature and pressure while being easy to maintain.

Automatic Adjustment Systems: Modern Ebullated pumps are equipped with automatic adjustment systems that regulate flow and pressure according to real-time conditions, ensuring process stability and safety.

Modular Design: Modular design simplifies maintenance and replacement and allows for customized configurations according to different application scenarios.

3. Applications of Ebullated Pumps

Ebullated pumps are widely used in the following fields:

Petrochemical Industry: Used for transporting high-temperature reactive materials, particularly in refining and distillation processes, ebullated pumps effectively handle liquid media under high temperature and pressure.

Power Industry: In power plants, ebullated pumps are used to transport high-temperature boiler feedwater, ensuring the safe operation of power equipment.

Metallurgical Industry: In metallurgy, ebullated pumps are used to transport high-temperature molten metals or smelting waste, capable of withstanding extreme working conditions.

4. Market Trends and Cutting-Edge Technologies

Market Trends

Growing Demand: The global demand for efficient, durable ebullated pumps continues to grow, especially in the Asia-Pacific region, driven by accelerated industrialization, with significant demand in the petrochemical and power industries.

Green and Sustainable: With increasing environmental requirements, energy-efficient ebullated pumps are gaining market favor. Many manufacturers are developing more energy-saving pump products to meet global environmental standards.

Cutting-Edge Manufacturing Technologies

3D Printing: Cutting-edge 3D printing technology is gradually being applied in the manufacturing of ebullated pumps, particularly in producing customized pump bodies and complex structural components. This technology allows for more precise manufacturing and shorter production cycles.

Intelligent Monitoring Systems: Ebullated pumps integrated with smart sensors can monitor operating conditions in real-time, providing instant feedback to help prevent failures and optimize operational efficiency.

5.Huasheng's Research on Ebullated Pumps

Huasheng Pumps & Valves undertook the "Residue Oil Hydrogenation Ebullated Pump Development" project, a major equipment localization project of Sinopec Headquarters in 2018. The company conducted research and development based on the operating parameters of the 2 million tons/year liquid diesel hydrogenation unit of Sinopec Zhanjiang Dongxing Petrochemical. Its rated flow rate is 835m3/h, head is 79m, temperature is 410°, and wet motor power is 250kW. The product has been delivered for on-site use, breaking the foreign monopoly on this type of product and effectively reducing the manufacturing cost of boiling pumps.

Conclusion

Ebullated pumps are essential in high-temperature, high-pressure processes in industries like chemical, energy, and metallurgy. As market demand grows and technology advances, innovations in the design and manufacturing of ebullated pumps are driving the industry forward. Choosing the right ebullated pump can not only enhance production efficiency but also meet environmental requirements, helping companies maintain a competitive edge in a rapidly evolving market.

References

Industry Report: "Global Boiling Pump Market Analysis," 2023 Edition.

Technical Article: "Design and Application of Boiling Pumps," published in 2022.

Research Report: "Application of 3D Printing in Industrial Pumps," 2021.

Market Trend Report: "Impact of Green and Sustainable Development on Industrial Pumps," 2023.

Hydrocracking bubbling bed technology is an advanced petroleum refining process specifically designed for the deep processing of heavy oil and solid-containing petroleum products. As global conventional crude oil resources gradually deplete, and the trend toward heavier crude oil becomes increasingly evident, hydrocracking bubbling bed technology is playing an increasingly critical role in the energy industry. This technology addresses the dual challenge of global energy shortages and the need for improved energy efficiency, particularly in the context of rapid economic growth in developing countries and the resulting surge in energy demand. Below is a detailed explanation of the hydrocracking bubbling bed process, its key equipment, and industrial applications.

1. Working Principle of Hydrocracking Bubbling Bed Technology

Hydrocracking bubbling bed technology is based on hydrocracking reactions aimed at breaking down large molecular organic compounds in heavy oil and solid-containing petroleum products into smaller, lighter hydrocarbons through the combined action of catalysts and hydrogen. This process improves oil quality, reduces sulfur, nitrogen, and oxygen impurities, and enhances the fluidity and combustion properties of the final product. The core of hydrocracking lies in using hydrogen under high-temperature and high-pressure conditions to cleave large molecules into smaller ones, ultimately yielding high-quality light oil products.

In a bubbling bed reactor, hydrogen is injected at the bottom, mixing with the heavy oil and catalyst to form a fluidized, bubbling state. Due to the extended contact time between the catalyst and the feedstock in this gas-liquid-solid three-phase system, efficient hydrocracking reactions can occur. This technology is especially effective in processing high-sulfur, high-nitrogen, and other impurity-laden feedstocks while significantly improving yield and economic performance.

2. Role of Circulation Pumps (Ebullating Pumps)

Circulation pumps, also known as ebullating pumps, are essential components of the hydrocracking bubbling bed system. Their primary function is to ensure the continuous circulation of feedstock and catalyst within the reactor, maintaining uniform temperature distribution and a stable reaction environment. By circulating the feedstock, the pump ensures thorough contact between the oil and catalyst, thus improving reaction efficiency and preventing localized overheating or catalyst deactivation.

Additionally, circulation pumps help control the reactor's pressure and flow, ensuring the continuous flow of the oil feed. Given the harsh operating conditions in hydrocracking (high temperatures, high pressures, and the presence of solid particles), these pumps must be designed with high resistance to wear, corrosion, and thermal stress. They must also withstand prolonged exposure to extreme conditions while ensuring system stability and efficiency.

3. Process Advantages and Application Fields

Compared to traditional catalytic cracking processes, hydrocracking bubbling bed technology offers several notable advantages:

• Wide Range of Feedstocks: This technology can process a variety of low-quality feedstocks such as heavy oil, residual oil, kerosene, and solid-containing petroleum products, offering strong adaptability.
• High Product Yield: The hydrocracking process efficiently breaks down heavy molecules, increasing the yield of light oil products and resulting in higher overall output than conventional methods.
• Environmental Benefits: The hydrocracking process effectively removes harmful impurities such as sulfur and nitrogen, reducing the pollutant content in the final product and meeting stricter environmental regulations.
• Improved Energy Efficiency: By converting heavy components into more combustible light oil products, hydrocracking significantly enhances energy utilization efficiency.

The application conditions of hydrogenation boiling pumps are complex, the medium temperature is as high as 500℃, the inlet pressure is 30MPa, and the medium is highly corrosive. At present, the technology of this product is only mastered by a few countries, and there are very few factories that can produce it, and it is expensive. Fortunately, Huasheng is one of the very few factories that can produce this pump.

In 2018, Huasheng Pumps and Valves undertook the "Residue Oil Hydrogenation Boiling Pump Research and Development" project, a major equipment localization project of Sinopec Headquarters. The company relies on the operating parameters of Sinopec's 2 million tons/year liquid diesel hydrogenation unit for research and development. Its rated flow rate: 835m³/h, head: 79m, temperature: 410℃, wet motor power: 250kw. It took 4 years, and the product was delivered in 2022 and is currently running well. The success of the project has enabled China to break the foreign monopoly on hydrogenation boiling pump technology and reduce costs.

As global energy structures shift and environmental requirements tighten, hydrocracking bubbling bed technology presents significant growth potential. Key future development trends include:

• More Efficient Catalysts: Research and development of more efficient, longer-lasting catalysts will further improve reaction efficiency and product yield.
• Intelligent Control Systems: The application of advanced automation and data analysis technologies will optimize the reaction process, reduce energy consumption, and enhance system stability.
• Expanded Application Range: With ongoing technological advancements, hydrocracking bubbling bed technology is expected to extend into other unconventional resource processing areas, such as coal-to-liquids and oil sands extraction.

The development and application of hydrocracking bubbling bed technology provide an effective solution for the utilization of heavy oil and solid-containing petroleum products. This technology offers a viable path for addressing the depletion of conventional oil resources while meeting the growing demand for energy. Circulation pumps, as a critical component of the process, play a pivotal role in ensuring the success of the entire operation. Looking ahead, as the technology continues to evolve, hydrocracking bubbling bed technology will remain a key player in global energy production and refining, contributing to the sustainable development of the energy sector.

The double-tub washing color fastness tester is used for washing color fastness, dry cleaning color fastness, rinsing color fastness, detergent efficiency and other washing and dry cleaning color fastness tests of various textiles, and evaluates the washing color fastness performance of textiles.

Main parameters:

1. Test container position: (12+12)×2.

2. Rotation speed: 40±2rpm.

3. Washing cup: 500ml and 1200ml, each tank contains 24 cup slots (12 large and 12 small), to meet different test requirements

4. Temperature control can reach 98℃.

Applicable standards:

ISO105M&SC4A, 5, 37, P3BIWSTM7, 115, 177, 193, 240, 241, AATCC2, 3, 28, 61, 62, 86, 132, 151, 190,BS1006NEXT2, 3, 5

C4A Color fastness to washing detergents

C5 Color fastness to dry cleaning

C10A Color fastness to oxidative bleaching damage

C22 Color fastness to residual staining in toilets

C23 Color fastness to toilet solvents

C37 Color fastness to chlorinated water and swimwear

P38 "MST" washing stability

BS EN ISO 105C01-C05 Color fastness to washing

BS EN ISO 105C06 Color fastness to household and commercial laundry

BS EN ISO 105C08 Color fastness to phosphate-free household and commercial laundry

BS EN ISO 105C09 Color fastness to household and commercial laundry - Oxidative bleaching using low temperature bleach activators

BS EN ISO 105D01 Color fastness to 1,000 washes

BS EN ISO 105E03 Color fastness to chlorinated water

BS EN ISO 105X05 Color fastness to organic solutions

1. Folding thickness of fabric Fabrics are divided into thicknesses, and clothing made from fabrics also has thicknesses; this thickness is expressed by the folding amount, so the folding amount needs to be considered when making patterns. The folding amount indicates the degree of folding thickness of the fabric, which is present in any garment. The folding amount is just different in size. The thicker the fabric, the greater the folding amount; the thinner the fabric, the smaller the folding amount. Example: The folding amount of denim jeans W: 1.2cm K: 0.6cm H: 1.2cm SB: 0.6

2. Shrinkage of fabrics

There are two types of clothing fabrics: natural fabrics and chemical synthetic fabrics

a: Natural fabrics: woven from natural fibers, mainly plants, such as cotton and linen, which have a large shrinkage rate, and animals, such as silk, wool, and leather, which have a small shrinkage rate.

b: Chemical synthetic fabrics: The main ones woven from chemical synthetic fibers include polyester, nylon, acrylic, chlorine fiber, chlorine fiber, etc., which do not shrink.

(The other kind of fabric is a mixture of natural and chemical materials, such as polyester and cotton, with low shrinkage)

Due to the characteristics of natural fabrics, natural fabrics shrink after washing. Cotton and linen fabrics shrink the most. In daily life, especially casual clothing, most pure cotton fabrics are used, so the shrinkage rate must be considered when producing paper patterns. .

No shrinkage: the size of a before washing is m and the size after washing is n, then a=m-n/m×100%

Since the fabric has two yarn directions: transverse and longitudinal, there are also two shrinkage rates:

a vertical = m vertical - n vertical / m vertical × 100%

a horizontal = m horizontal - n horizontal / m horizontal × 100%

Generally speaking, when making a paper pattern, the shrinkage rate of the fabric will be informed. If we don't know the shrinkage rate of this fabric, we can use the following two methods to calculate the shrinkage rate.

a: Don't consider the shrinkage rate first, directly make a paper pattern of the middle code to make a board, and then take it to the washing plant to wash (note that the washing method must be the same as the washing method of the bulk goods). After washing, measure the board again, compare it with the finished product specifications, subtract more, and add less. This way, the board is more accurate, but it takes too long to make the board.

b: Take a piece of fabric for bulk goods, sew the edges around, and use a pen to draw a square in the middle of the cloth with a side length of 40cm, two sides parallel to the fabric grain, and two sides perpendicular to the fabric grain 40x40cm, then wash it. The washing method is the same as the bulk goods. After washing, measure each side of the square, and it becomes 36x36cm data.

Reuse a=m-n/m×100%

a vertical 40-38/40x100%=8%

a horizontal=40-36/40x100%=10%

Therefore, the shrinkage rate of the fabric is: vertical: 5% horizontal: 10%.

However, considering the fixing effect of the seams, the shrinkage rate of clothing is actually slightly smaller, so it should be determined according to the specific situation.

The purpose of calculating a longitudinal and a transverse is to calculate the length with a longitudinal and the circumference with a transverse to calculate the shrinkage rate in order to calculate the data K before washing. From the shrinkage rate formula, it can be deduced that K=?

Furthermore, it can be deduced that: K longitudinal=e longitudinal/1-a longitudinal (to calculate the length of clothing)

K transverse=e transverse/1-a transverse (to calculate the circumference of clothing)

For the parts where the vertical and horizontal are connected, the shrinkage rate is taken as the average value, such as the fabric patterns of the waist and the waistband are perpendicular to each other.

Example: w: 66cm-68.6cm (shrinkage rate: vertical 3%/horizontal 4%) SL: 55.9-57.5cm.

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Take the fabric stretching function as an example:

1. Operation adjustment

(1) Clamping distance adjustment

Before the instrument tensile test, the clamping distance between the upper and lower clamps must be adjusted to be consistent with the set value. The specific adjustment method is:

①. Press the up button on the control panel to make the crane rise. After rising a certain distance, press the stop button to stop the crane.

②. According to the required length of the sample, move the lower limit block to the position of the corresponding hole (or indicator arrow) on the limit rod and tighten it. The limit rod is drilled with a lower limit positioning stop hole for positioning the lower limit collision block. Each hole indicates the clamping distance of the clamp to be tested.

③. Press the down button to make the crane descend to the lower limit position and stop automatically. Use a steel ruler to measure the distance between the upper and lower clamps. If there is a slight difference with the clamping distance requirement, the height of the upper limit collision nut can be adjusted (thread adjustment) to finally make the distance between the upper and lower clamps consistent with the clamping distance requirement.

④. According to the adjusted distance between the upper and lower clamps, check whether it is consistent with the set clamping distance. If not, repeat the above steps until it meets the requirements.

(2) Selection of pre-tension clamps

According to the specifications of the specimen, calculate the pre-tension value required for clamping the specimen according to the test standard, and then select the corresponding pre-tension clamp. (3) Test parameter setting According to the standard requirements, enter the value as prompted by the LCD screen. (4) Adjustment of stretching speed When testing a specimen, prepare a number of additional specimens more than the specified number of test strips for preliminary testing to determine the stretching speed.

(3) Test parameter setting

According to the standard requirements, enter the value as prompted by the LCD screen.

(4) Adjustment of stretching speed

When testing a specimen, prepare a number of additional specimens more than the specified number of test strips for preliminary testing to determine the stretching speed.

2. Clamping the specimen specimen clamp

According to the customized function configuration, take the corrugated clamp for fabric stretching function as an example:

a. Rotate the clamp handle to loosen the corrugated clamp;

b. Insert one end of the test strip from the bottom of the upper clamp into the opened upper clamp clamping mouth, and keep the specimen and the jaws straight:

c. Rotate the handle to clamp it;

d. Loosen the lower clamp handle to open the lower clamp jaws;

e. Pass the other end of the test strip clamped in the upper clamp through the lower clamp jaws, and clamp the strip through the jaws with the selected pre-tension clamp so that the specimen is straightened under the action of the pre-tension clamp;

f. Rotate the lower clamp handle to clamp the lower end of the specimen, and then remove the pre-tension clamp, and the specimen clamping is completed.

3. Tensile test

Press the start button on the base, the crane rises, and stretches the sample clamped between the upper and lower clamps. After breaking, the crane automatically returns to its original position, and the instrument automatically records and displays the maximum strength value (peak strength value), tensile length, elongation, breaking time and test number at the time of breaking.

4. Check and process the test results

①. Check the fracture position of the sample. If the distance between the fracture and the upper and lower clamp jaws is s5mm, cancel the test value and re-test. Press the delete key, and the instrument will process the test value accordingly (minus one, the test is invalid).

②. If the fracture position of the sample is normal; the test is valid, the strength and elongation curve of the test can be printed at this time, and then check the test number value. If the sample display value (the number of tests for this type of sample) is consistent with the set value, it indicates that the test of this type of sample is completed. Replace the new sample and continue the test; if the display value is less than the set sample value, repeat the previous action and continue the test on the strip sample of this type of sample.

5. Printing test report

After the sample has been tested for the required number of times, that is, when the sample display value is consistent with the set sample value, it means that the test of this sample has been completed and it can be printed at this time. When printing, press the print key, select the print format, and then print the test report after confirmation. Before printing, ensure that printing paper should be added to the printer; in addition, the printer's online indicator (ONLINE) must be on. After printing, you can continue to test, and press the print key later to print. If you need to perform a new test after printing, you need to press the reset key and then test again. If you need to print repeatedly, press the print key again after printing.

6. Display the test results directly through the LCD screen on the display panel.

7. After one set of samples is tested, press the reset button to restart the instrument and clear the existing stored data in the computer so that it can start working again.

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